TOURISM
INTRODUCTION
Tourism as a subject is a New Course for Senior Secondary, School level in Nigeria. The Syllabus as presented here is drawn from the Senior Secondary School National Curriculum in tourism for examination purposes.
OBJECTIVESThe examination will test candidates' ability to:
(i)understand tourism as an important human activity not only of economic and socio-cultural benefits, but of educational and environmental significance;
(ii)understand complex nature of Tourism as it involves other disciplines such as economics, geography, psychology, management, marketing etc;
(iii)acquire the knowledge and use it to fight poverty as an economic activity; and
(iv)appreciate the importance of tourism trade and its contributions to national development.
STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATIONThe examination will consist of two papers: I and II.
Paper I:It consists of 60 multiple-choice questions to be answered in ONE hour.
Paper II:This consists of EIGHT essay questions out of which candidates are required to answer any FIVE in 2½ hours.
DETAILED SYLLABUS
| Contents | Notes |
|---|---|
Introduction of Tourism: | Define tourism, history of tourism in Nigeria, types of tourism i.e. Domestic and International, forms of tourism i.e economic, cultural, religious, sports, youth etc |
Component of Tourism: | The five “As” (Attraction, Accessibility, Accommodation, Amenities and Activities) and examples of each. |
Tourist Product: | Define Tourist Product. Give examples of tourist product. List characteristics of tourist product e.g. Heterogeneous, Intangible, immovable supply, Highly perishable (cannot be stored), Seasonality (peak and low). Non transferable. |
Tourist Attractions:
What is tourist attraction? Name various types of tourist attractions and their locations in Nigeria, if possible the local government areas. Take inventory of some tourist attractions in Nigeria, Africa and the world.
Case study of some African countries e.g. Senegal, Gambia, East Africa etc.
Tourism Statistics:
i.Meaning of tourism statistics: (inflow/outflow and the expenditure pattern etc).
ii.Explain data collection and data representation.
iii.Importance of tourism statistics (to the nation and individual and tourism planning. This should be discussed. Give examples and solve problems on the topic).
Benefits of Tourism to a Nation:
i.Identify and discuss areas of financial benefits in tourism e.g. taxes, levies, balance of payment, foreign exchange, provide income.
ii.Social benefits of tourism i.e. cultural interaction, world peace, add value to life, job creation, development of infrastructure to the local communities and the nation.
iii.Developmental benefits: infrastructures i.e. roads, electricity, water, communication, rail transport.
iv.Rural development i.e. preserves nature e.g. National Parks in Nigeria and Kuia falls Plateau etc.
v.Enhance use of land.
vi.Superstructures: Buildings and sites e.g. hotels, restaurants, Gurara falls, Zuma rock in Niger State, Ikogosi warm spring in Ekiti State, Olumo rock in Ogun State etc.
Tourism and Cultural Festivals in Nigeria:
Meaning of festivals, relate it to tourism. Types of festivals, outline kinds of festivals in Nigeria. Briefs on Argungu Fishing festival, Osun Oshogbo International festival, Sharo festival of the Fulanis, New Yam festival in Igboland, Eyo festival in Lagos State. Their importance to tourism.
Sustainable Tourism: Define Sustainable Tourism, its advantages and disadvantages. Give examples.
Heritages in Nigeria: Types of Heritage and its characteristics. Its importance to cultural tourism and the nation. Know the location and its brief history e.g. Sukur world Heritage site in Adamawa State, Nok culture in Kaduna State, Museum and Monuments, and Arts Galleries in Nigeria.
Travel Agency business: Travel Agent, and its functions i.e. Travel Advise, Reservation, Ticketing, Visa procurement etc.
Identify Qualities of Travel Agent: Marketing skills, honesty and integrity.
-good communication skills and timeless.
-good public relation, knowledge of working environment, experience staff.
Tour Operator Business: Define Tour Operator, its roles e.g. packaging of tours, marketing of tours, executing the tours.
Qualities of Tour Operator: Honesty, good public relations skill, good marketing skills etc.
Components of Package Tours: Accommodation, destination (attraction) and transport.
Why people travel: Identify reasons for traveling under three factors:
A.Physiological factors:
i.Visit to friends and relations (VFR)
ii.Holidays
iii.Fashion
iv.Medical
B:Economic factor:
i.Business
ii.Conferences/meetings
-‘C.Social factor
i.Religion
ii.Sports
iii.Experience nature and beautiful sceneries.
Support Services:
Identify support groups in Travel and Tour business.
Examples include:-
i.Financial Support Banks, Insurance. Bureau de Change,
ii.Car Hire Services.
iii.Souvenir Shops
iv.Accommodation and Catering Services
v.Medical Services
a.First-Aid Box
b.Clinics
c.Hospitals
vi.Security Service i.e. Police, Immigration, NDLEA, Civil Defence etc.
Public Agencies in Tourism:
Identify and give functions of Public Agencies in Tourism. Examples:
(a)Federal Ministry of Tourism, Culture and National Orientation: (In charge of policy formulation)
(i)State Tourism Boards handle tourism activities in their States.
(ii)Local government Tourism Committee handles Tourism activities in their local government areas.
(b)Parastatals: Nigerian Tourism Development Corporation (NTDC) Policy implementation.
(i)National Institute for Hospitality and Tourism Studies (NIHTS) Man Power Development.
(ii)National Commission for Museum and Monuments (NCMM) Preservation of heritages etc.
(c)Nigerian National Park Service: Conservation and Preservation of Natural Resources for Eco Tourism Purposes.
Private Agencies in Tourism:
Identify the roles of Private Tourism Agencies in Nigeria.
(i)Federation of Tourism Association of Nigeria (FTAN) Umbrella body for all Private Tourism agencies.
(ii)National Association of Nigeria Travel Agencies NANTA (regulates Travel Agencies)
(iii)Association of Nigeria Journalists and Writers on Tourism (ANJWT)
(iv)National Association of Tour Operators (NATOP) (to regulate Tour Operating Business).
(v)Nigeria Hotel Association (NHA) etc.
(vi)CAR HIRE Operators of Nigeria (Hotels and Airports)
Tourism Marketing:Explain Tourism marketing
(i)Segmentation.
Mass Marketing
Niche marketing etc.
(ii)Tourism Marketing Strategies
(iii)Marketing tools in Tourism:
a.Electronic Media
- television
- radio
b.Print Media
- magazines
- journals
c.Publications
d.Fairs and Exhibitions
- local and International Fairs
e.e-Tourism.
- internet services
e- Banking
e- Reservation
e- Electronic bill boards
Entrepreneurship in Tourism:Meaning of entrepreneurship.
Cottage Industries:Identify cottage industries. Examples are:-
- leather works
- ceramics and pottery
- beads making
- tie and dye
- hair weaving,
- paintings .
- cloth weaving
- raffia weaving, etc.
- glass and brass works
- wood cravens etc.
discuss the cottage industries.
Service Delivery in Tourism:Meaning of service delivery in tourism.
List Service Delivery in Tourism: Tour guides, Ticket retailers, cooks, waiters,
photographers, choreographers (cultural dancers),
drivers, game guides, porters, air hostesses, stewards
etc.
Skills Acquisition: Definition of Skills Aquisition.
List Skill acquisition centers:
(i)Small & Medium Enterprises Development
Agencies of Nigeria (SMEDAN)
(ii)National Directorate of Employment (NDE)
(üi)National Institute for Hospitality & Tourism
Studies (NIHTS).
(iv)National Institute for Cultural Orientation.
(NICO).
(iii)Ushafa Pottery Centre, FUT Minna.
(iv)Brass Glass Centres
REFERENCES
1Paper presented by Novotel Consult Ltd at a three day workshop on Tourism
Development and Promotion September, 2000.
2.Internet Log Green Tourism! Sustainable Tourism.